I am still having a similar problem with the latest patch (.12)
I added a few new logos/pictures to my mod and chose these new logos/pictures for my player. When I start a new game, the logo/picture I used last game is set as the default.
However, if I unload my mod or load a different mod, the game crashes with a LogoRes::operator[] message.
It seems that the game is still trying to load up my previous logo/picture, even though they no longer exist within the new mod.
In your My Documents folder, you can find "My Games" folder and "Capitalism Lab Post-Release Beta" subfolder, please delete the file CONFIG.DAT, and see if it will resolve the problem.